Command	Description
>>	append
> or <	redirect
|	pipe to
(cmd > f1) >& f2	This command will redirect both standard output and standard error to a file, where f1 is stdout_file and f2 is stderror_file
acroread	runs acroread (reads pdf files)
alias	sets an alias to a command, easiest to do in an alias file (.alias in home directory)
apropos <keyword>	Search the whatis database
bc	basic calculator, useful in scripts
bg	run a job in the background
cal	print calendar
calc	enter calculator
cat	to paste files together top to bottom
cd -	go back to previous directory
cd ..	go back one directory
cd /nfs/thermal/raid/. cd ../data/raw/.	change directories
chmod	controls the access to your files
colordemo	Color visualization
comm <file1> <file2>	select or reject lines common to two files
convert	converts images between types
cp	copies a file into a different location or name
CTRL/a	go to beginning of command line
CTRL/c	kills a job running in the foreground
CTRL/d	very useful command, but hard to explain - experiment with it
CTRL/e	go to end of command line
CTRL/h	Delete preceeding character
CTRL/u	Delete entire line
CTRL/w	Delete preceeding word
CTRL/z	suspends a job
date	print date
df -t ufs	check disk usage
diff <file1> <file2>	lists the differences between two files
display	Image Magick - graphics package
dos2unix <file1> <file2>	removes funny characters
du -sk (or du -sh)	shows size of directories/files in kilobytes
echo <string>	prints string, useful in scripts
enscript -2 -C -G -r	fancy printing: -2 for 2 columns, -C to print line numbers, -G for fancy header, -r for portrait (for text/ascii files)
exit	exits a shell
fg	resumes a job to the foreground
find / -name "file" print find . -name "file" -print	finds a file - searches entire directories find a file - searches current directory
finger	Information about system users
ftp	access ftp sites
ghostview	View graphics
gimp	Graphics package
grep <word>	searches for a specified word or string in a text file
gzip <file>	compress a file
gzip -d <file.gz>	uncompress a file
head -10 <file>	lists first 10 lines of file
history	display most recent commands
kill <id number>	kill your process
less	to view a file outside of an editor, more useful than more
limits	Set or display process resource limits
Locate <file>	Locates a file
lpq	lists the que of the printer
lpr	prints a postscript file (CAREFUL!)
lprm	removes a job from the printer
lpr -Pdjcunix	prints with the small color printer
lpr -Ptek	prints with the lazer printer
ls	lists files in directory
ls -al	lists all files in long format (includes .* files)
ls -l	lists in long format
man <command>	gives manual page for that command
man -k <topic>	finds commands for a specified topic
minmax <file>	determines the min and max values for each column in a text file
mkdir	make directory
more	to view a file outside of an editor
mv	moves or renames files
netscape	to run netscape
nice	changes the priority of a job
passwd	changes your password
paste	to paste files together side to side
pico <file>	Another text editor - doesn't need display environment
pine	to run email (on dynamic only)
ps	find a process
pstogif <psfile>	Converts from postscript to gif
pwd	print working directory
quota	display disk quota
rcp	remote copy
rm <file>	remove file
rmdir	remove directory
rm -rf	remove entire folder and all contents (CAREFUL!)
rsync -e ssh -arv <sourcedir> <computer>:<targetdir>	faster option to rcp
script	Make script of session
sort	Sort lines of text files
split	Separates a file into pieces
ssh dynamic (or ssh -Y for any other machine)	to log into another computer Note: when logged into a computer remotely, remember to exit before logging into another computer (otherwise you can tie up the network).
startx	starts xwindows
su <username>	changes user
tab	finishes entering the file name on the command line
tail -10 <file>	lists last 10 lines of file
tar -xvf <file.tar>	untar a file
top	to list current processes
uniq <file1>	report or filter out repeated lines in a file
up arrow	brings up most recent commands
uptime	shows how long system has been running
w	Who is logged in and what they're doing
wc <file>	word, line, and character count
who	list logged in users
whoami	tells you who the user is
xemacs <file> &	start xemacs, & means run in background
xeyes	puts eyes on your screen that follow your mouse around
xhost +	disables access control; clients can connect from any host
xv	graphics package - great for grabbing screen shots